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Partly because Walter had the needle for a long time without anything else happening from him handling it, he'd assume this is what Google tells me the pros call a Parenteral drug. So while needle piercing within the throat might still be okay (though kill him too fast), swallowing the needle whole and smoothly would actually be really bad. No immediate incapacitation, and he doesn't have a plan for a better way to cause immediate incapacitation . the incapacitation would come hours later and by then it would be suspicious for Walter to have been lurking around that long, Arthur would probably call for company at some point especially because he has so many close friends uwu.

Walter: it would cause random stuff like
https://house.fandom.com/wiki/Needle_in_a_Haystack